Malawi

Resource: http://www.eoearth.org/article/Malawi

Natural Resources: limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite

Malawi is a nation in southern Africa, east of Zambia, west of Tanzania and north of Mozambique. Although landlocked, a significant part of Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi), some 580 km long and with a surface 460 metres above sea level, is within the country. West and south of the lake, Malawi is a narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, and some mountains. The Great Rift Valley runs through the country from north to south.

Economy

Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's most densely populated and least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural with about 85% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for more than one-third of GDP and 90% of export revenues. The performance of the tobacco sector is key to short-term growth as tobacco accounts for more than half of exports. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In December 2007, the US granted Malawi eligibility status to receive financial support within the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) initiative. Malawi will now begin a consultative process to develop a five-year program before funding can begin. In 2006, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces many challenges including developing a market economy, improving educational facilities, facing up to environmental problems, dealing with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS, and satisfying foreign donors that fiscal discipline is being tightened. In 2005, President Mutharika championed an anticorruption campaign. Since 2005 President Mutharika's government has exhibited improved financial discipline under the guidance of Finance Minister Goodall Gondwe and signed a three year Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility worth $56 million with the IMF. Improved relations with the IMF lead other international donors to resume aid as well.